STRATEGI MEMBACA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN LITERAL TEKS BAHASA INGGRIS: KAJIAN LITERATUR PADA MAHASISWA DI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI
Keywords:
Strategi Membaca, Pemahaman Literal, Mahasiswa EFL, Teks Bahasa Inggris, Kajian LiteraturAbstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji pentingnya penggunaan strategi membaca dalam meningkatkan pemahaman membaca pada tingkat literal bagi mahasiswa English as a Foreign Language (EFL) dalam memahami teks bahasa Inggris. Melalui pendekatan kajian literatur sistematis, penelitian ini menganalisis 25 artikel jurnal terindeks Scopus dan jurnal internasional bereputasi yang diterbitkan dalam kurun waktu 2020-2025. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa EFL cenderung memiliki performa lebih baik pada tingkat pemahaman literal dibandingkan tingkat inferensial dan kritis, namun masih memerlukan penguatan strategi membaca yang efektif. Strategi membaca kognitif seperti skimming, scanning, identifikasi ide utama, dan pemanfaatan konteks terbukti signifikan dalam meningkatkan pemahaman literal. Model Construction-Integration (Kintsch, 1998) menjadi kerangka teoretis utama yang menjelaskan proses pembentukan representasi mental dari teks. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi kesenjangan riset dalam penerapan strategi membaca spesifik untuk tingkat literal pada konteks mahasiswa Indonesia. Implikasi pedagogis mencakup pentingnya pelatihan strategi membaca eksplisit dan integrasi pendekatan bottom-up dan top-down dalam pembelajaran membaca bahasa Inggris di perguruan tinggi
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